SALI (Fruit)
Sali consists of dried fruit of Oryza sativa Linn.(Fam. Poacem); an annual herb, cultivated throughout India.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Tandulama, Dhanya
Assam. : —
Beng. : Dhan, Chaval, Chanval
Eng. : Rice, Paddy
Guj. : Bhat, Chorya, Chokha
Hindi. : Chaval, Dhan
Kan. : Akkiege, Nellu
Kash. : —
Mal. : Ari
Mar. : Tandul, Sali Bhat
Ori. : —
Punj. : —
Tam. : Arshee, Nellu, Arisi
Tel. : Dhanyamu, Vadlu, Biyyamu
Urdu. : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Fruit small, one seeded, caryopsis, about 0.6-1 cm long and 0.2-0.3 cm wide, oblong to ovoid, somewhat angular, blunt, sometimes pointed; surface rough due to minutes trichomes, faintly longitudinal ridges and furrows, mostly 6 rows, somewhat compressed , flattened and tightly enclosed by lemma and palea; yellowish-brown; seed, smooth upto 0.6 cm long, oval to oblong, slightly flattened; blunt, oblique, slightly angled in embryo region; light creamy to white; odour not characteristic; taste, sweet.
b) Microscopic
Fruit shows wavy irregular outline; pericarp and testa fused together; pericarp consists of single layered, thick, lignified sclerenchymatous outer epidermis with clear pits, covered by a few thick, blunt, sometimes pointed trichomes and 2-3 layered circular to oval fibre, followed by 3-5 layered, tangentially elongated, thick-walled, tabular parenchymatous cells, having a few scattered fibro vascular. bundles and single layered, thin, elongated, slightly wavy inner epidermal cells; testa consists of thinwalled, elongated, 2-3 layered parenchymatous cells with a interrupted tube cells followed by single layered, oval to rectangular, parenchymatous layer containing aleurone grains; endosperm albuminous, consisting of wide, thin-walled, elongated to polygonal, parenchymatous cells packed with numerous, minute, single polyhedral starch grains, having, hilum without concentric striations, measuring 3-12 n in dia., compound starch grains 2-150 components; empryo small, lying in a groove at one end of the endosperm, separated by a layer of epithelium; empryo consists of a shieldshaped cotyledon known as scutellum.
Powder – Light cream; fragments of elongated thick-walled, lignified sclerenchymatous cells, endosperms cells filled with starch grains, parenchymatous cells of endosperm filled with granules, small pieces of blunt trichomes; minute, single, polyhedral with starch granules having hilum without concentric striations, measuring 3-12 n in dia., and compound starch granules with 2-150 components.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 6 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 5 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Toluene: Ethylacetate (9:1) shows under UV (366 nm) eight fluorescent zones at Rf. 0.11, 0.15, 0.17 (all blue), 0.21 (green), 0.27 (blue), 0.30 (blue), 0.35 (green) and 0.94 (blue). On spraying with 5% Methanolic-Phosphomolybdic acid reagent and heating the plate for about ten minutes at 110°C three spots appear at Rf. 0.21,0.30 and 0.94 (all blue).
CONSTITUENTS – Carbohydrate -Starch.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Anuras, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Snigdha
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Hrdya, Pittahara, Rucikara, Vrsya, Visaghna, Swalpa Vatakara, Svalpa Kapha Kara, Mutral, Brhamma, Baddhavarcasaka, Svarya.
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Lasunadi Ghrta, Dadhik Ghrta, Tandulodanam
THERAPEUTIC USES – Jvara, Trsna, Vrana, Atisara, Balatisara, Pradara.
DOSE – 100 ml. Tandulodaka.
Latest Govt Job & Exam Updates: